May 28, 2010

BARBARELLA (1968) the Ultimate Guide - Part 5: set design

One of the unique aspects of Barbarella, is that it was completely shot on soundstages, requiring either sets or miniatures to be built for every shot in the film.

This is a look at the sets, visualised for the far future, but obviously influenced by the latest fashions and materials of the late 1960s. Production Design is credited to Mario Garbuglia, though comic strip creator Jean-Claude Forest oversaw the look, adding touches from his imagined world of the Barbarella comic strips. Like the costumes, the Italian handmade props and sets are unique, imaginatively designed and beautifully made.

I'm attempting to show every set that appears in the film, in the order they appear, with a mix of publicity stills, screengrabs and lobby cards...



Alpha 7


Barbarella's spaceship is first seen as she loses her spacesuit. But initially we're seeing a section of the cockpit set which was rebuilt on its side, so that the camera could look down at Jane Fonda rolling around on a huge sheet of glass, to fake her weightlessness in space.

The 'floor' of the set behind/below her includes the ship's computer, with its flipping tiles, at right.



The walls of the cockpit are famously covered in what looks like shag pile carpet.

The statue/communicator and the plexi-domed weapons-teleporter are among the only moving props.





The Icy Wasteland of Planet 16


Barbarella crashlands in the middle of an ice sheet. A large flat set covered with dry ice and fake snow. Around the edge of the set are forced perspective, transparent mountains. Scattered across the set are crashed spaceships including Alpha 1, Durand Durand's ship.

Inside the wreck of Alpha 1 are the outcast children and their killer dolls.


Mark Hand's sailship is a full scale prop. The transparent fan at the back rises up to fill long, conical sails.

Full-size mock-up of the exterior of Barbarella's spaceship, Alpha 7

Back inside, Barbarella has to get rid of her tail, by using the walk-in wardrobe off the main cockpit.



The Labyrinth

Alpha 7 crashes (again) into the Labyrinth. A full scale section of Alpha 7 is again seen as she falls down a rockslide at Pygar's feet.

The Labyrinth set is a maze of rock corridors, many with actors built into the walls. The set leads up to a model of the city of Sogo, linked by gradually forced-perspective. Sogo appears to be a multi-levelled city on stilts, with transparent walls. Not quite sure where the Mathmos is supposed to live!




Pygar's Nest

The nest is a huge bowl of sticks (big enough for two) sat on top of one of the Labyrinth walls, filled with feathers and dried grass.




Sogo - City of Night

Pygar sets down in Sogo in this asymmetrical glass corridor.

The corridor leads onto this multi-level street, with various living quarters (or are they shops?) off to one side.

The streets of Sogo are fairly dangerous for the blind, considering the total lack of railings. Note also the dead body bottom left.

Two randy ruffians emerge through a tilting window and drag Barbarella into a basement filled with large transparent pillows, where she meets the One-Eyed Wench.


We've already seen blue rabbits inside Alpha 1, but this detail from the Sogo street offers us purple goats and a huge anteater, which I haven't yet spotted in the finished film.


This platform at the end of the street is where the mob corners Pygar. Note the transparent travel tube at right.

The back wall of this set appears in many publicity photos.




Chamber of Ultimate Solution

Pygar and Barbarella escape into a room which offers them only three exits (the entrance seals behind them with a sliding door). The floor is also transparent, with the bubbling Mathmos underneath. At top left is the raised writing which Pygar reads like braille - like the local language, the writing isn't familiar to someone from Earth.

The Concierge then escorts Barbarella to a travel tube (below) - note his black segmented cummerbund and the leather guards' 'whip hands'.




Throne Room of the Black Queen

Down a travel tube, Barbarella meets the evil twins again, in a casino.

The segmented backdrop to this set is re-used in several scenes around the palace. It first appears here, as the Queen appears from within a gigantic bursting balloon.


It's here that Pygar has been crucified, hung from the ceiling on an abstract cross, back in the casino room. The brown segments, in the central cluster on the wall, look similar to the bedding in Dildano's couch, and the styling of Durand-Durand's positronic chair.




"Take her to the birds"

Barbarella is taken to a huge bird-headed birdcage, to be fed to the carniverous occupants.





Dildano's Secret Headquarters

This set looks very different in the two versions that were filmed - compare the light-up maps of Sogo at the back. This indicates that the set was rethought and rebuilt for the David Hemmings' reshoot.


Dildano's hideout is a mess of travel tubes and malfunctioning equipment. Under the segments of his bed/couch is a secret transmitter.




The Nightclub


Barbarella hits a nightclub. Note the rooms at the back are full of inflatable pillows and half-naked women. Also, the woman hanging from the ceiling at left, with a group on the floor lighting a fire under her!


These backrooms provided many opportunities for publicity photos of nudity, which barely appears in the film.


Barbarella tries 'essence of man', through a pipe hooked up to a large glass hookah with a man swimming in it (below right).




The Excess Machine

The Concierge tortures Barbarella in his Excess Machine. Note the throne room background again and the discarded bodies lying around.





The Chamber of Dreams

The approach to the Queen's Chamber of Dreams is a largely black set with shiny polished floors, weird spiky sculptures and huge swinging lenses hung from the ceiling.

Inside, huge psychedelic patterns on the walls either help the Queen sleep, or represent her dreams. The back wall is a front-projection screen.

The Queen's bed is a sculpture of a giant open-armed female figure, the pillow is inside its hollow head.

The control levers to the Mathmos are near the bed.




The Positronic Ray

The positronic ray is controlled from this cool chair!


On The Rocks

The final set is this rock ledge - the black backing is the front-projection screen.



Some recurring elements in the design include the extensive use of transparent plastics (also used in costumes), segmented assembly (the Guards' costumes, the Concierge's 'Sydney Opera House' cummerbund and the throne room set), objects (lights, lenses) and people swinging slowly from the ceiling, horns (the Queen's hairstyle, the sailboat sails) and tubing. Almost all the designs use non-symmetrical patterns and structure.

Some incidental pieces of furniture are copies of body parts, particularly the Queen's bed. Phallic and breast-like motifs are of course abundant, extending even to the vehicles - like the three pulsing knobs of Alpha 7's engines. The breastlike double-cockpits of the guards' airships echo the see-through breast windows in several costumes.

Lastly, there are a few animals around - like goats and rabbits dyed bright colours. I think there's also an owl and an anteater in there somewhere!

May 21, 2010

THE SURVIVOR (1980) - first and best James Herbert adaption


THE SURVIVOR
(1980, Australia)


A ghoulish mystery that should have been the best James Herbert horror movie

 UPDATED March 2012 - now on DVD in the USA 


A chance discovery of a paperback of The Rats in a New Malden newsagents warped my fragile little mind, and made me very interested in James Herbert's horror novels. For a schoolboy in the mid-seventies, his early books were gold - extremely eventful apocalyptic horror and even imaginatively deviant sexual content made him a forerunner to Clive Barker and Shaun Hutson. Indeed, his were the first modern horror books that I read - Stephen King hadn't even published Carrie yet. The Fog and The Survivor were his next two novels, and made the deepest impressions on me.


When John Carpenter's The Fog rolled into UK cinemas in 1980, we Brits assumed that there was only one story called The Fog and the movie was an adaption of Herbert's novel. We only discovered this wasn't the case in the cinema - there was no publicity to warn us otherwise.



The same year, this Australian adaption of The Survivor became the first James Herbert novel to be filmed. Then a US adaption of The Rats (also called Deadly Eyes), but nothing in that film echoed my favourite episodes from the book, and the VHS was so damned dark you could barely see the little critters enjoying their human dinners. Herbert's non-horror Fluke and the non-scary Haunted followed later, making The Survivor the most interesting film of his novels to this date. However if someone like Neil Marshall could film the gory and debauched action of The Fog novel, that would make a wonderful horror epic.



But The Survivor isn't totally satisfying. It's not the best Australian horror film of the period, despite being the most expensive (as noted in the recent Ozploitation documentary
Not Quite Hollywood). I've always put it's failures down to seeing shortened versions and pan-and-scanned VHS tapes. Now I've finally seen it widescreen 2.35 on DVD, it doesn't make much more sense. Indeed the trailer (see below) offers more clues than the movie.



A commercial 747 jet crash lands in an Australian suburb (if it wasn't for the accents, you'd mistake this for the British setting of the book). It had just taken off so the fuel tanks are full. The resulting inferno kills everyone onboard... except for one survivor who staggers from the wreckage - the pilot (Robert Powell).
As the crash investigators trawl through the pieces and the bodies, the pilot can't tell them why the plane fell out of the sky, due to memory loss. As the remaining wreckage is laid out in a huge hangar, some of the witnesses start seeing a little girl who leads them to a violent death...

With several ongoing mysteries
, this should be far more interesting, but the story soon loses its way. The mounting mysterious death toll of witnesses is only once mentioned in a throwaway line. Meaning that it's only really a mystery to us, not to any other character. The story concentrates on the pilot's memory loss, but a local witness (Jenny Agutter) seems to know more, and is far more upset about the crash. Worse still for a horror film, the death scenes are really vague, too offscreen, too slowly-paced. Instead of competing with The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, the director prefers to quote from The Leopard Man (1943). Hardly a match for the violent, disastrous premise. The burns make-up on the crash victims is slightly unsettling, but only the constant screaming that haunts the wreckage is at all effective.

The screams aren't enough to make this nearly as horrific as Herbert's novel. His central story survives, which is what helps the ending to work so well. But along the way, there's not enough sense made of what's happening, that could have built tension for the rest of the running time.
The highlights are the full-scale 747 crash at the start and the spectacular and eerie climax. The crash isn't as devastating as Final Destination, but is impressive nonetheless. The crash site and the investigation hangar are also both realistically and uncomfortably depicted.


Robert Powell (Mahler, Jesus of Nazareth, Asylum) is good, perfectly cast for his haunted look, (he'd just starred in another Australian chiller, Harlequin). He's currently a regular in the soapy UK medical TV drama, Holby City.
Jenny Agutter does the best work, bringing more urgency and intensity to the situation, showcased in a long take where she has to wrestle with her inner demons. Agutter's first Australian film was of course Nicolas Roeg's impressive Walkabout (1971). Her next horror role followed almost immediately - the classic An American Werewolf in London.
Joseph Cotten (Citizen Kane, The Abominable Dr Phibes) is wasted as a priest. And he looks wasted too. This was one of his last screen appearances before he retired from acting.

Knighted Brit Tim Rice (who wrote lyrics for Evita and The Lion King) briefly cameos as a news reporter - I have no idea why.
The memorable soundtrack is composed by the late Brian May, halfway between scoring Mad Max one and two.

David Hemmings is better known as a leading actor in cult movies (Blowup, Barbarella, Deep Red) rather than as a director, probably because his movies are so forgettable. I'm guessing more people have seen his TV work than his films. I love that he directed episodes of The A-Team and Airwolf - about as far from Antonioni as you can get.


The recent UK DVD release (with the fiery plane crash photo cover, shown at top) is 2.35 anamorphic and is a longer version than the Australian DVD (also avoid the older UK skull-faced DVD - it's been cropped to fullscreen). The picture is slightly soft but made from a print in good shape. My copy had a couple of deafening digital audio faults that providing the biggest shocks in the entire film.

This Australian review of their DVD release mentions a running time of 78 mins and a cropped 16:9 aspect. So many compromised editions of the film have been released, I've put off getting this on DVD until now.

In April 2012, Scorpion will release a DVD in the US (artwork above). I'll add details when I get them.
Here's an original trailer on YouTube, spoiling most of the movies highlights...